Questions of Apostolic Succession arise normally in the desire by Roman Catholics, Anglicans, and Eastern Catholics to ensure that the Church they are attending is recognised as being “validly Catholic”. Often, poorly formed and uneducated, but well-meaning Roman Catholic clergy will attempt to dissuade someone from becoming involved in the autocephalous or Emergent Catholic Movement by falsely claiming that our Church is not recognised as having valid sacraments and orders. This contradicts the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church. In Dominus Iesus, the declaration on the unicity and salvific universality of Jesus Christ and the Church, Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI), who was then prefect of the Roman Catholic Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith states, "Therefore, there exists a single Church of Christ, which subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the Successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him. The Churches which, while not existing in perfect communion with the Catholic Church, remain united to her by means of the closest bonds, that is, by apostolic succession and a valid Eucharist, are true particular Churches. Therefore, the Church of Christ is present and operative also in these Churches, even though they lack full communion with the Catholic Church, since they do not accept the Catholic doctrine of the Primacy, which, according to the will of God, the Bishop of Rome objectively has and exercises over the entire Church." (See also: Second Vatican Council, Decree Unitatis redintegratio, 3.; Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration Mysterium Ecclesiae, 1: AAS 65 (1973), 396-398.; Second Vatican Council, Decree Unitatis redintegratio, 14 and 15; Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Letter Communionis notio, 17: AAS 85 (1993), 848.; First Vatican Council, Constitution Pastor aeternus: DS 3053-3064; Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium, 22.) For more information on Apostolic Succession please see Wikipedia,
The Old Catholic Church of Utrecht The Diocese of Utrecht, Holland, was founded in AD 722 by St. Willibrord. The right of the Chapter of Utrecht to elect the bishop of The Diocese was recognized in AD 1145. In AD 1520 the Bishop of Utrecht was given the right to adjudicate matters in his diocese without appeal or recourse to Rome. In AD 1559, when the war with France had ended, Philip II of Spain, the hereditary ruler of the Netherlands, persuaded the Pope to elevate The See of Utrecht to an archbishopric, with five new dioceses under it (Haarlem, Deventer, Groningen, Leeuwarden and Middelburg). Having survived the Calvinist Reformation in Holland as an underground Church, the Dutch Roman Catholic faithful were suddenly subjected to the political ambitions and maneuverings of the Jesuits, who fought to have Rome declare The See of Utrecht a missionary district under their control. At first failing in this battle to gain control of The Church in Holland, the Jesuits adopted a new tactic in AD 1691 by accusing + Peter Codde,
The Archbishop of Utrecht, of espousing the so-called heresy of Jansenism. Although the Archbishop was eventually proved innocent of heresy, Pope Innocent XII tried to appease the Jesuits by suspending and deposing him in AD 1705. No mention was made of any reason for the deposition. Even a Papal canonist, Hyacinth de Archangelis, issued a formal opinion that a Vicar-Apostolic with the rights of an Ordinary (as + Codde undoubtedly was) could not be arbitrarily deposed. Two Dutch Catholic Chapters (Utrecht and Haarlem) naturally decided not to recognize this irregular, if not illegal, act. The battle was over local autonomy in a collegial Church versus Papal supremacy. When the Papacy appointed + Theodore de Cock as Pro-Vicar-Apostolic of The United Provinces, in the place of Archbishop Peter Codde (deposed), the Chapters of Utrecht and Page 4 of 37 Haarlem further decided not to recognize his authority on the ground that The Patriarch of Rome had no canonical authority to deprive even a Vicar-Apostolic, much less an Archbishop, without trial and condemnation. At the same time the Calvinist government decided that it would prefer a Catholic Church controlled by Dutch Catholics to a Catholic Church controlled by Rome. The government, therefore, issued a decree forbidding + de Cock to exercise any jurisdiction over Roman Catholics in Holland. Later, after accusing the Dutch government of being bribed by the secular clergy loyal to The Archbishop (+ Codde), + de Cock was banished from Holland and fled to Rome. Rome countered by placing the Dutch Church under an Inhibition, prohibiting all Bishops from performing any episcopal acts in Holland. At this point the battle between Utrecht and Rome was not doctrinal, but the results of Jesuit intrigue and their desire to firmly establish the Papacy as an absolute monarchy. Had Archbishop Codde continued to exercise his authority as The Archbishop of Utrecht, while appealing his uncanonical suspension as Vicar-Apostolic (as Vicar-Apostolic he had diocesan jurisdiction wherever there was no Bishop or Chapter; metropolitan jurisdiction in the other dioceses), the course of Church history may well have seen the defeat of the Jesuit sponsored Ultramontane movement. Unfortunately, + Codde not only protested his suspension but also retired from the exercise of his office. His jurisdiction thus reverted to the Chapters and his people were left without episcopal protection and governance.
It was the position of the Chapter of Utrecht that: both the Province and Diocese of Utrecht, with all their ancient and canonical rights and privileges, still existed. (The Chapter of Utrecht was formally recognized on many occasions by Papal Nuncios even after this date.) The Vicariate instituted by Archbishop Philip Rovenius on 9 June 1633 was the canonical reconstitution of the ancient Chapter of Utrecht and possessed all the rights of the Chapter, including the right to elect the Archbishop of Utrecht. (All nominations made hereafter by this Chapter were, in fact, accepted by Rome, including that of Archbishop Codde.) Later archbishops, from + Vosmeer to + Codde, were not only Vicars-Apostolic of the Roman See, but also Archbishops of Utrecht, the true canonical successors of St. Willibrord. On 25 May 1717, five doctors of the theological faculty of the University of Louvain publicly sided with the Archepiscopal See of Utrecht by stating that the Church of Utrecht had not been reduced to the status of a mere mission, that the Chapter of Utrecht had survived, and that the Vicariate established by + Rovenius was the ancient Chapter of Utrecht. Later, 102 doctors of theology at the University of Paris, together with the whole law faculty, publicly agreed with the doctors of Louvain. As a result of the support of the theology faculties of two French universities, three French Bishops (Soanen of Senez, Lorraine of Bayeux, and Caumartin of Blois) declared that they were ready to ordain priests for the Chapter of Utrecht, and actually did so. Upon the death, in AD 1710, of + Peter Codde, the deposed Archbishop of Utrecht, the Cathedral Chapter (exercising its historically recognized right) elected a successor. No Bishop, Page 5 of 37 however, could be found who would ignore the Pope's Inhibition by consecrating the Archbishop-elect. The Church of Holland continued to send Her candidates for the priesthood out of the country for ordination by foreign Bishops; Her children, without a diocesan Ordinary, were left unconfirmed. At this point the Jesuits and Rome sought and anxiously anticipated the total capitulation of the autocephalous Dutch Church. A turning point in the Dutch Church's struggle with Rome came in AD 1719 when + Dominique Maria Varlet, former missionary priest in The Louisiana Territory in North America, stopped in Amsterdam for a few days on his way to his new post in Persia. A local Dutch priest, Father Jacob Krys, begged the new Bishop to confirm 604 orphans and other poor children as an act of charity, which he did. He then continued his journey to Persia, arriving at his residence at Schamake (now Shemakh near Baku in the Republic of Azerbaijan) on 9 October 1719.
On 26 March 1720, the Bishop of Babylon was presented with a formal Notice of Suspension from his office, sent by the Bishop of Ispahan by order of the Congregation de Propaganda Fide, and delivered by a Jesuit priest (Fr. Bachou) because of the confirmations in Amsterdam. Like the late Archbishop Codde, Bishop Varlet elected not to remain in office while fighting the Papal action. After careful consideration and prayer, the good Bishop immediately left Persia and returned to Amsterdam, where he settled permanently. The Chapter of Utrecht had meanwhile repeatedly attempted to get the Pope to allow the election and consecration of an archbishop; Pope Innocent XIII ignored their petitions. The Chapter next turned to the leading canon lawyers of the day. They were told that the Chapter had the canonical right to elect their archbishop and get him consecrated without the consent of the Pope (recent precedents in both France and Portugal supported this position).
Nineteen doctors of the theological faculty of the Sorbonne (University of Paris), and others from Nantes, Rheims, Padua, and Louvain, gave their agreement to this position, as well as assuring the Chapter that in the case of necessity one bishop alone might preside at the consecration. With the approval of the government, the Chapter met at The Hague on 27 April 1723 and, after a Mass of The Holy Spirit, elected, with all the canonical forms, Cornelius Steenoven to be Archbishop of Utrecht. Although Fr. Steenoven was elected as the candidate likely to be the least objectionable to Rome, the Pope refused to answer the Chapter's request to permit his consecration. The Chapter finally begged the Bishop of Babylon to consecrate their candidate. He consented. The government also consented to this the first consecration of an Archbishop of Utrecht since the Reformation. Thus at 6:00am on Pentecost XX, 15 October 1724, Cornelius van Steenoven was consecrated in the presence of the whole Chapter by the Bishop of Babylon in Amsterdam to be the seventh Archbishop of Utrecht and canonical successor of St. Willibrord. The Bishop of Babylon was called upon by The Chapter to consecrate four archbishops for the See of Utrecht before his death on 14 May 1742 at The Hague.
ANTONIO CARDINAL BARBERINI, as Archbishop of
CHARLEAS MAURICE LATELLIER, succeeding as Archbishop of Rheims, November
12, 1668. He, in turn, consecrated in the church of the Cordeliers, Pontois,
JAMES BENIGNE BOSSUET, as Bishop of Condom, September 21, 1670. He was
transferred to the See of Meaux by Pope Clement X,
1671. He in turn, consecrated in the church of Chartreuse, Paris,
JAMES GOYDON DE MATIGNON, Bishop of Condom, 1693, son of Count De Thoringy. He was Doyen of Lisieux
and Abbey Commendantaire De St. Victor, Paris. By
order of Pope Clement XI, he consecrated at
DOMINIC M. VARLET, as Bishop of Ascalon in partibus, and coadjutor to the Bishop of Babylon, Persia,
February 12, 1719. Retiring later to
PETER JOHN MEINDAERTS, as Archbishop of Utrecht, October 17, 1739. He
had been one of several priests ordained in
JOHN VAN STIPHOUT, as Bishop of Haarlem, July 11, 1745. He, in turn,
consecrated,
WALTER MICHAEL VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN, as Archbishop of
ADRIAN BROEKMAN, as Bishop of Haarlem, June 21, 1778. He consecrated,
JOHN JAMES VAN RHIJIN, as Archbishop of Utrecht, November 7, 1805. He
consecrated,
GILBERT DE JONG, as Bishop of Deventer, November 2, 1805. He
consecrated,
WILLIBROD VAN OS, as Archbishop of Utrecht, April 24, 1814. He consecrated,
JOHN BON, as Bishop Haarlem, April 22, 1819. He consecrated,
JOHN VAN SANTEN, as Archbishop of Utrecht, June 14, 1825. He
consecrated,
HERMAN HEYKAMP, as Bishop of Deventer, July 17, 1854. He consecrated,
GASPARD JOHN RINKEL, as Bishop of Haarlem, August 11, 1873. He
consecrated,
GERARD GUL, as Archbishop of Utrecht, May 11, 1892. He consecrated,
ARNOLD HARRIS MATHEW, as Regional Old Catholic Bishop for
LANDAS BERGHES, on June 29, 1913. He consecrated,
HENRY CARMEL CARFORA, on October 4, 1916. Carfora was elected Archbishop
of the
Robert Alfred Burns in 1956. He consecrated,
Robert Lane in 1970. He consecrated,
Floyd Anthony Kortenhof, for the Old Roman Catholic Church,
English Rite in 1991. He
consecrated,
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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OLD CATHOLIC ULTRAJECTINE SUCCESSION I
OLD CATHOLIC ULTRAJECTINE SUCCESSION I through Archbishop William Montgomery Brown Archbishop Gerard Gul (Old Catholic Church of Utrecht), assisted by Bishop Johannes Jacobus van Thiel and Bishop Nicholas Bartholomaeus Petrus Spit (both with The Old Catholic Church of Utrecht) and Bishop Josef Demmel (Old Catholic Church in Germany), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop-Primate Arnold Harris Mathew on 28 April 1908 as Archbishop of London and Primate of the Old Catholic Church in England. Archbishop Mathew consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Rudolf Franziskus Eduard de Landas Berghes et de Rache on 29 June 1913 as Missionary Bishop for Scotland. In 1916
Prince de Landas Berghes became Archbishop-Primate of The National Catholic Church in North America. Archbishop de Landas Berghes et de Rache consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop William Henry Francis Brothers on 3 October 1916 for The Old Roman Catholic Church. In 1917 Bishop Brothers became Archbishop and Metropolitan of The Old Catholic Church in America. Archbishop Brothers consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop William Montgomery Brown on 24 June 1925, assisted by Bishop Jozef Zielonka (Polish Old Catholic Church of America) and Bishop Albert Jehan (Bishop of Chicago, the Old Catholic Church in America). Bishop Brown consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Wallace David de Ortega Maxey on 2 January 1927, assisted by Bishop Jozef Zielonka (Polish Old Catholic Church of America), Bishop Albert Jehan (Bishop of Chicago, the Old Catholic Church in America), and Archbishop William Henry Francis Brothers (Primate, the Old Catholic Church in America). Archbishop de Ortega Maxey consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Persson Archbishop of Scandinavia, Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira assisted by Abp. Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield, Abp. Paul G. W. Schultz, Bishop Christopher Rogers, Bishop Carroll Lowery, Exarch Howard D. van Orden, Archbishop Arthur Garrow, Bishop Petros (Eric Veloso), Bishop Michael Marshal Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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ULTRAJECTINE SUCCESSION II
ULTRAJECTINE SUCCESSION II Through Archbishop Carmel Henry Carfora Archbishop Rudolf Franziskus Eduard de Landas Berghes et de Rache, consecrated on 29 June 1913 by Archbishop-Primate Arnold Harris Mathew (Old Catholic Church in England) as Missionary Bishop for Scotland, consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Carmel Henry Carfora in the Chapel of St. Dunstan's Abbey in Waukegan, Illinois, assisted by Bishop William Henry Francis Brothers, on 4 October 1916 as Archbishop of Canada. Bishop Carfora consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Edwin Wallace Hunter, on 11 February 1924, assisted by Bishop Franciszek Viktor Maximillian Kanski (American Catholic Church) as Regionary Bishop for the U.S.A. and Canada for The North American Old Roman Catholic Church. Bishop Hunter consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Wallace David de Ortega Maxey on 24 May 1929, assisted by Bishop Samuel Gregory Lines (Apostolic Christian Church) and Bishop Francis John Barwell Walker (American Catholic Church). Archbishop de Ortega Maxey consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Persson as Primate of The Apostolic Episcopal Church on 7 November 1986, assisted by Archbishop Robert Ronald Ramm (Apostolic Episcopal Catholic Church). Archbishop Persson also serves as the Missionary General for Scandinavia and All Europe for both the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (Philippine Independent Catholic Church, confirmed 15 June 1988; this is a member jurisdiction of The Anglican Communion) and the Igreja Católica Apostólica Brasiliera (Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church, confirmed 14 June 1987). Archbishop Persson consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl J. Barwin as Primate of The Evangelical Catholic Church on 5 August 1989, assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodrigues y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America) and Bishop Howard D. van Orden (Order of St. Jude; Archbishop of Albuquerque and Dependencies, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), each assisting, coöperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands and uttering all the words of consecration. Assisting in this consecration as CoConsecrators were Archbishop Paul Christian Gerald W. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles and Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), Bishop Petros (Eric Tan Ong Veloso, Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers (Suffragan Bishop of Los Angeles, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Bishop Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church). Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989: Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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ANGLICAN SUCCESSION I
POPE ST. NICHOLAS I (consecrated in 858) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 864:
FORMOSUS (Bishop of Porto; Pope 891) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 891:
St. PLEGMUND (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 909:
ALTHELM (as Bishop of Wells; 914 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate 914:
WULFHELM (as Bishop of Wells; 923 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 927:
ODO (as Bishop of Ramsbury; 942 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 957:
ST. DUNSTAN (as Bishop of Worcester; 960 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 984:
ST. AELPHEGE (as Bishop of Winchester; 1005 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 990:
ELFRIC (as Bishop of Ramsbury; 995 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1003:
WULFSTAN (as Bishop of Worcester and York) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 13 November 1020:
ETHELNOTH (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1035:
EADSIGE (as Bishop of St. Martin's, Canterbury; 1038 Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 3 April 1043:
STIGAND (as Bishop of Elmham; 1052 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1058:
SIWARD (as Bishop of Rochester) assisting William, Bishop of London and Giso, Bishop of Wells (consecrated 15 April 1061 by Pope Nicholas II) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 29 September 1070
BL. LANFRANC (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1070:
THOMAS (as Archbishop of York) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 4 December 1094:
ST. ANSELM (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 26 July 1108:
RICHARD de BELMEIS (as Bishop of London) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 18 February 1123:
WILLIAM of CORBEUIL (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 17 November 1129:
HENRY of BLOIS (as Bishop of Winchester) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 3 June 1162:
ST. THOMAS BECKET (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 23 August 1164:
ROGER of GLOUCESTER (as Bishop of Worcester) assisting Gilbert Foliot, Bishop of London Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 November 1176:
PETER de LEIA (as Bishop of St. David's, Wales) assisting Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury John Cumin, Archbishop of Dublin Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 29 September 1185:
GILBERT GLANVILLE (as Bishop of Rochester) assisting Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury Bernard, Archbishop of Ragusa (consecrated 19 November 1189 by Pope Clement III) Philip of Poictou, Bishop of Durham (consecrated 20 April 1197 by Pope Celestine III) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 23 May 1199:
WILLIAM de SAINTE MERE L'EGLISE (as Bishop of London) assisting Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury (consecrated 17 June 1207 by Pope Innocent III) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 October 1214:
WALTER de GRAY (as Bishop of Worcester; 1216 Archbishop of York) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 December 1249: WALTER KIRKHAM (as Bishop of Durham) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 February 1255:
HENRY (as Bishop of Whithern) assisting William Wickwane, Archbishop of York (consecrated 17 September 1279 by Pope Nicholas III) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 9 January 1284:
ANTHONY BECK (as Bishop of Durham; 1306 Patriarch of Jerusalem) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 September 1292:
JOHN of HALTON (as Bishop of Carlisle) assisting Thomas Cobham, Bishop of Worcester Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 27 June 1322:
ROGER NORTHBOROUGH (as Bishop of Lichfield) assisting Henry Burghersh, Bishop of Lincoln Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 15 July 1330:
ROBERT WYVIL (as Bishop of Salisbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 12 March 1340:
RALPH STRATFORD (as Bishop of London) assisting John Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 15 May 1346:
WILLIAM EDENDON (as Bishop of Winchester) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 20 March 1362:
SIMON SUDBURY (as Bishop of London; 1375 Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 12 May 1370:
THOMAS BRENTINGHAM (as Bishop of Exeter) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 January 1382:
ROBERT BRAYBROOKE (as Bishop of London) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 3 February 1398:
ROGER WALDEN (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 July 1398:
HENRY BEAUFORT (as Bishop of Lincoln; 1405 Bishop of Winchester) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 15 May 1435:
THOMAS BOURCHIER (as Bishop of Worcester; 1443 Ely, 1454 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 31 January 1479:
JOHN MORTON (as Bishop of Ely; 1486 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 21 May 1497:
RICHARD FITZJAMES (as Bishop of Rochester; 1503 Chichester; 1506 London) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 25 September 1502:
WILLIAM WARHAM (as Bishop of London; 1503 Cant) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 15 May 1521:
JOHN LONGLANDS (as Bishop of Lincoln) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 30 March 1533:
THOMAS CRANMER (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in June 1536:
WILLIAM BARLOW (as Bishop of St. David's, Wales; 1549 Bath; 1559 Chichester) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 17 December 1559:
MATTHEW PARKER (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 21 December 1559:
EDMUND GRINDAL (as Bishop of London; 1570 York; 1576 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 21 April 1577:
JOHN WHITGIFT (as Bishop of Worcester; 1583 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 8 May 1597:
RICHARD BANCROFT (as Bishop of London; 1604 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 3 December 1609:
GEORGE ABBOT (as Bishop of Lichfield; 1610 London; 1611 Canterbury) assisted by Marc Anthonio de Dominis, (Dean of Windsor and former Roman Abp. of Spolatro & Primate of Dalmatia) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 December 1617:
GEORGE MONTAIGNE (as Bishop of Lincoln; 1621 London; 1628 Durham; 1628 York) assisted by John Howson (Bishop of Oxford) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 18 November 1621:
BL. WILLIAM LAUD (as Bishop of St. David's, Wales; 1626 Bath; 1628 London; 1633 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 17 June 1638:
BRIAN DUPPA (as Bishop of Chichester; 1641 Salisbury; 1660 Winchester) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 28 October 1660 (see note 5):
GILBERT SHELDON (as Bishop of London; 1663 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 6 December 1674:
HENRY COMPTON (as Bishop of Oxford; 1675 London) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 27 January 1678:
WILLIAM SANCROFT (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 25 October 1685:
THOMAS WHITE (as Bishop of Peterborough, who was deposed in 1690 as a non-juror) Under Royal Warrant from the exiled King James II Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 24 February 1693:
GEORGE HICKES (as Bishop of Thetford) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 24 February 1712:
JAMES GADDERAR (consecrated without a See because of penal conditions; later Bp. of Aberdeen and Moray) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 4 June 1727:
THOMAS RATTRAY (as Bishop of Dunkold) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1741:
WILLIAM FALCONAR (as Bishop of Ross and Caithness) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 21 September 1768:
ROBERT KILGOUR (as Bishop of Aberdeen) assisted by Bishop Coadjutor John Skinner (Aberdeen) & Bishop Arthur Petrie (Ross & Caithness) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 November 1784:
SAMUEL SEABURY (as Bishop of Connecticut) assisted by Bishop William White, Bishop Samuel Provoost and Bishop James Madison Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 17 September 1792:
THOMAS JOHN CLAGGETT (as Bishop of Maryland) assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Samuel Provoost Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 May 1797:
EDWARD BASS (as Bishop of Massachusetts) assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Samuel Provoost Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 18 October 1797:
ABRAHAM JARVIS (as Bishop of Connecticut) assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Samuel Provoost Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 29 May 1811:
ALEXANDER VIETS GRISWOLD (as Bishop of the Eastern Diocese) assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Nathaniel Bowen Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 31 October 1832:
JOHN HENRY HOPKINS (as Bishop of Vermont) assisted by Bishop Benjamin B. Smith and Bishop Lee Henry Washington Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 15 November 1866:
GEORGE DAVID CUMMINS (as Assistant Bishop of Kentucky) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 December 1873:
CHARLES EDWARD CHENEY (for the Reformed Episcopal Church) assisted by Bishop George David Cummins Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 24 February 1876:
WILLIAM RUFUS NICHOLSON (Reformed Episcopal Church) assisted by Bishop Samuel Fallows Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 22 June 1879:
ALFRED SPENCER RICHARDSON (Reformed Episcopal Church) assisting Bishop Charles Isaac Stevens (2nd Patriarch, The Ancient British Church) Consecrated sub conditione to The Sacred Episcopate on 4 May 1890:
LEON CHECHEMIAN (as Mar Leon, Abp. of Selsey; sometime Armenian Uniate Titular Bishop of Malatia) assisted by Bp. James Martin (Abp. of Caerleon-upon-Usk) Bp. Frederick Boucher & Bp. George W. L. Maaers (Iglesia Española Reformada Episcopal) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 2 November 1897:
ANDREW CHARLES ALBERT McLAGEN (as Titular Bishop of Claremont) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 4 June 1922:
HERBERT JAMES MONZANI HEARD (as Mar Jacobus II, Archbishop of Selsey; 1930 Primate, Free Protestant Episcopal Church) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 13 June 1943:
WILLIAM BERNARD CROW Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Wisdom (as Mar Bernard, Bishop of Santa Sophia) (17 October 1943: Mar Basilius Abdullah III, Sovereign Prince Patriarch of Antioch) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 10 April 1944:
HUGH GEORGE de WILLMOTT NEWMAN (as Mar Georgius I, Metropolitan of Glastonbury and Catholicos of the West) assisted by Abp. John Sebastian Marlow Ward (Archbishop of Olivet) Bishop Richard Kenneth Hurgon (Titular Bishop of Mere [Somerset]) Bishop John Syer (Mar John, Bishop of Verulam) Bishop Charles Leslie Saul (Mar Leofric, Archbishop of Suthronia in the Eparchy of All the Britons) Bishop Francis Ernest Langhelt (Mar Francis, Bishop of Minster) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 6 June 1946: W
ALLACE DAVID de ORTEGA MAXEY (as Mar David I, Patriarch of Malaga, Apostolic Primate of all the Iberians, & Supreme Hierarch of the Catholicate of the West in the Americas) assisted by Abp. Robert Ronald Ramm (Archbishop-Primate, The Apostolic Episcopal Catholic Church) Consecrated sub conditione to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 November 1986:
NILS BERTIL ALEXANDER PERSSON (as Primate of The Apostolic Episcopal Church) assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield, Bishop Carroll T. Lowery, Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow, Archbishop Paul G. W. Schultz, Bishop Howard D. van Orden, Bishop Petros (Eric Tan Ong Veloso), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers & Exarch Marciel (Michael Marshall) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
KARL JULIUS BARWIN (Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church) Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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ANGLICAN SUCESSION II
John Moore (1730 - 1805) (Archbishop of Canterbury, 1783) assisted by William Markham (Abp. of York), Bp. Charles Moss & Bp. John Hinchliffe Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 4 February 1787:
William White (1748 - 1836) (Presiding Bishop, PECUSA: 1789, 1795 - 1835) assisted by Bishop Henry Hobart, Bishop James Kemp, Bishop John Croes & Bishop Nathaniel Brown Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 25 October 1827:
Henry Ustick Onderdonk (1789 - 1858) (Bishop of Pennsylvania) assisted by Bishop George Washington Doane & Bishop Jackson Kemper Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 July 1836:
Samuel Allen McCoskry (1804 - 1886) (First PECUSA Bishop of Michigan) assisted by Bishop George Thurston Bedell, Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple, Bishop Joseph Cruikshank Talbot, Bishop Robert Harper Clarkson, Bishop John Franklin Spalding & Bishop George de Normandie Gillespie Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 6 December 1875:
William Edward McLaren (1831 - 1905) (Third PECUSA Bishop of Illinois) assisted by Bishop George F. Seymour & Bishop Cortlandt Whitehead Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 24 June 1898:
William Montgomery Brown (1855 - 1937) (PECUSA Bishop of Arkansas; Auxiliary Bp, Old Catholic Church in America) assisted by Archbishop William Henry Francis Brothers, Bishop Albert Jehan & Bishop Józef Zielonka Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 2 January 1927:
Wallace David de Ortega Maxey (1902 - 1992) (Retired Primate, Apostolic Episcopal Church in America) assisted by Archbishop Robert R. Ramm Consecrated sub conditione to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 November 1986:
Nils Bertil Alexander Persson (1941 - ) (Primate, The Apostolic Episcopal Church) assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield, Bishop Carroll T. Lowery, Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow, Archbishop Paul G. W. Schultz, Bishop Howard D. van Orden, Bishop Petros (Eric Tan Ong Veloso), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers & Exarch Marciel (Michael Marshall) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
Karl Julius Barwin (1943 - ) (Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church) Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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PHILIPPINE SUCCESSION
Robert Kilgour, Bishop of Aberdeen & Primus of The Episcopal Church of Scotland, assisted by Bishop Coadjutor John Skinner of Aberdeen and Bishop Arthur Petrie of Ross & Caithness, consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 November 1784:
Dr. Samuel Seabury (11/30/1729 - 2/25/1796), as Bishop of Connecticut. Bishop Seabury graduated from Yale University in 1748 (B.A.; M.A., 1751) and studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh (1752 - 1753). He was ordained a Deacon by Bishop Dr. John Thomas of Lincoln on 12/21/1753 and a priest by Bishop Dr. Richard Osbaldiston of Carlisle on 12/23/1753. In 1775, after a brief imprisonment in New Haven for being a British Loyalist, he fled to New York City (which remained loyal to the King) where he supported his family by practicing medicine and serving through the war as Chaplain of the King of England's American Regiment, under commission of Sir Henry Clinton (14 February 1778); after the Revolutionary War, he received a pension from the King for the rest of his life. In 1777 Bishop Seabury received the Doctor of Divinity degree from the University of Oxford. On 18 November 1790 he was also made Bishop of Rhode Island. Bishop Seabury, assisted by Bishop William White of Pennsylvania, Bishop Samuel Provoost of New York and Bishop James Madison of Virginia, consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 17 September 1792:
Dr. Thomas John Claggett (1742 - 1816) as Bishop of Maryland (and the first canonical Episcopal/Anglican Bishop consecrated on American soil) and installed at Trinity Church at the foot of Wall Street in New York City City. On 27 November 1800, as the U.S. Senate completed its move to permanent quarters in Washington, D.C., the Rt. Rev'd Thomas John Claggett was elected as that body's third Chaplain. Bp. Claggett, assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Samuel Provoost, consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 7 May 1797:
Edward Bass (11/23/1726 - 9/10/1803) as Bishop of New Hampshire and Massachusetts in Philadelphia. He graduated from Harvard in 1744 and received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the University of Pennsylvania in 1789. He was ordained both Deacon and Priest by Bishop Dr. Sherlock of London in May 1752. With the death of Bp. Seabury, Bishop Bass was requested to assume responsibility and jurisdiction over the Churches in Rhode Island; he also was given jurisdiction over the Churches in New Hampshire about the same time. Throughout his entire episcopacy, he also continued to serve as Rector of St. Paul's Church, Newburyport, Massachusetts. Bishop Bass, assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Samuel Provoost, consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 18 October 1797:
Abraham Jarvis (3/26/1770 - 1813) as the second Bishop of Connecticut, succeeding Bishop Samuel Seabury. Bishop Jarvis, assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Samuel Provoost, consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 29 May 1811:
John Henry Hobart (9/14/1775 - 9/12/1830) as Assistant Bishop of New York (succeeding Bishop Benjamin Moore and becoming Diocesan in 1816). He was educated at the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University (graduating in 1793). He was ordained a Deacon in 1798 and a Priest in 1801. As Bishop, he initiated mission work among the Oneida Indians, was one of the founders of the General Theological Seminary and a renewer of Geneva (now Hobart) College. Bishop Hobart, assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop James Kemp (2nd Bishop of Maryland, consecrated in 1814), consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 25 October 1827:
Henry Ustick Onderdonk 3/16/1789 - 12/6/1858) in Christ Church, Philadelphia, as Assistant Bishop of Pennsylvania (becoming Diocesan in 1836 upon the death of Bishop William White). He graduated from Columbia University in 1805 and studied medicine in London and the University of Edinburgh (M.D.). He studied theology and was ordained Priest in Trinity Church, New York, on 11 April 1816 by Bishop John Henry Hobart. In 1827 he also received the degree of S.T.D. from Columbia University. Bishop Onderdonk, assisted by Bishop William White and Bishop Dr. Benjamin T. Onderdonk (Bishop of New York, consecrated in 1830), consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 January 1834:
Dr. James Hervey Otey (1/27/1800 - 4/23/1863) in Christ Church, Philadelphia, Penn., as the 1st Bishop of Tennessee and the 30th Bishop in the PECUSA Succession, with parishes in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida and Tennessee. He was ordained both Deacon and Priest in Warrenton, North Carolina, by Bishop John S. Ravenscroft. Together with Louisiana Bishop Leonidas Polk (with whom he earlier founded Columbia Institute, a school for girls), he laid the groundwork for The University of the South at Suwanee, Tennessee, and served as the university's first Chancellor. Today a PECUSA parish on University Avenue in Suwanee bears the good Bishop's name. Bishop Otey, assisted by Bishop Leonidas Polk (1st Bishop of Louisiana; previously 1st Bishop of Arkansas; consecrated in 1838) and Bishop Nicholas H. Cobbs (1st Bishop of Alabama, consecrated in 1844), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 24 February 1850:
Dr. William Mercer Green (5/2/1798 - 2/13/1887) in St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Jackson, Mississippi, as the 1st Bishop of Mississippi. He graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1818 (studying theology) and was ordained a Deacon on 29 April 1821 by Bishop Richard C. Moore of Virginia in Christ Church, Raleigh, North Carolina. He was ordained a Priest on 20 April 1822 by the same bishop in St. James' Church, Wilmington, North Carolina. In 1845 he received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the University of Pennsylvania. He served as Fourth Chancellor of The University of the South at Suwanee, Tennessee, beginning in 1867. Bishop Green, assisted by Bishop Joseph W. B. Wilmer (2nd Bishop of Louisiana; consecrated in 1866) and Bishop John W. Beckwith (2nd Bishop of Georgia; consecrated in consecrated in 1868), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 17 January 1875:
William Forbes Adams (1/2/1833 - 1920) in St. Paul's Church, New Orleans, as Missionary Bishop of New Mexico & Arizona, becoming the 2nd Bishop of Easton (Maryland) in 1887. He was ordained a Deacon on 15 December 1859 and a Priest in St. Andrew's Church, Jackson, Mississippi, on 29 July 1861 by Bishop William Mercer Green. Bishop Adams, assisted by Bishop Alfred M. Randolph of Southern Virginia (consecrated in 1883) and Bishop Dr. William Paret of Maryland (consecrated on 1/8/1885), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on The Feast of St. Michael and All Angels (29 September), 1909:
John Gardner Murray (8/31/1857 - 10/3/29) as Coadjutor Bishop of Maryland, becoming Diocesan in 1911 (to 1929) and the first elected Presiding Bishop of PECUSA on 1 January 1926. Presiding Bishop John G. Murray, assisted by Bishop John McKim (1st Bishop of North Kwanto, consecrated in 1893) and Bishop Henry St. G. Tucker (consecrated in 1912 by Bp. John McKim, Bishop Norman Henry Tubbs of Rangoon in Burma and Bishop Arthur Lea of Kyushu, Japan) consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 3 December 1928:
Norman Spencer Binsted (1890 - 1961), as Missionary Bishop of Tohoku, The Central Philippines, for The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America. Bishop Binsted, acting for the Presiding Bishop of PECUSA (Henry Knox Sherril), assisted by Bishop Robert Franklin Wilner (Suffragan Bishop of the Missionary District of the Philippines) and Bishop Harry Sherbourne Kennedy (Bishop of the Missionary District of Honolulu, Hawaii), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 7 April 1948:
Isabelo de los Reyes, Jr (1900 - 1971) as Obispo Maximo of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (being elected to this office in 1946). Obispo Maximo de los Reyes, assisted by Bishop Manuel N. Aguilar and Bishop Alejandro Remollino (Iglesia Filipina Independiente) consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 22 September 1957:
Francisco de Jesus Pagtakhan (1916 - ) as Bishop of Zambales in Maria Clara Christ Church, Manila. Bishop Pagtakhan was elevated to the office of Archbishop of the Cagayan Valley and The Americas, and appointed Archbishop Secretary for Missions, Ecumenical Relations and Foreign Affairs on 8 May 1984. Archbishop Pagtakhan, assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield (Primate, Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana) and Bishop Paul G. W. Schultz (Bishop of Los Angeles, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in the Americas), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate sub conditione on 15 June 1988:
Nils Bertil Alexander Persson (11/10/41 - ) as Missionary General for Scandinavia and All Europe for the Iglesia Filipina Independiente. Archbishop Persson, assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodrigues y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America) and Bishop Howard D. van Orden (Order of St. Jude; Archbishop of Albuquerque and Dependencies, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), each assisting, cooperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands and uttering all the words of consecration; and assisted in this consecration as Co-Consecrators by Archbishop Paul Christian Gerald W. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles; Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas; and Apostolic Administrator in the USA of The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Bishop Petros (Eric Tan Ong Veloso, Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers (Suffragan Bishop of Los Angeles, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Bishop Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
Karl Julius Barwin (10/16/1943 -- ) as Primate of The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from The Russian Orthodox Church
Saint Peter Bishop Aleksij (Sergiy Vladimirovich Simanskij, 1877-1970) was consecrated 28 April 1913 by Patriarch Gregorios IV of The Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East in Russia as Bishop of Tichvin. In 1945 he was elected Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia. Patriarch Aleksij, assisted by Metropolitan Nikolaj (Boris Dorofeevic Jaruevic), Archbishop Makarij (Sergej Konstantinovic Daev), Archbishop Jurij (Vjaeslav Michaijlovic Egorov), Bishop Aleksij (Viktor Aleksandrovic Konoplev) and Bishop Pimen (Sergij Izvekov), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop John (Konstantin Nikolaevich Wendland, 1909-1989), Patriarchal Exarch of The Russian Orthodox Church in America, on 28 December 1958. On 3 August 1963 Bishop John became Metropolitan of The Russian Orthodox Church in America. He was recalled to Russia on 10 July 1967. Metropolitan John, assisted by Bishop Dositheus (Michail Ivanchenko of The Russian Orthodox Church in America), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Joseph (Joseph John Skureth, 01/08/1933 -- ), as Exarch, The Western Orthodox Catholic Church in America, Exarchate of The Patriarchates of Moscow and Antioch (a Western Rite body within The Russian Orthodox Church in America) on 17 April 1966. Bishop Dosifej (Dositheus/Michail Ivanchenko) had ordained Bp. Joseph priest on 3 July 1963. Exarch Joseph is also affiliated with The Syrian-Antiochian Orthodox Church. Bishop Joseph, assisted by Archbishop Francisco de Jesus Pagtakhan (The Philippine Independent Catholic Church, Manila) and Bishop Lawrence Lee Shaver (The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Persson Archbishop of Scandinavia, Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira assisted by Abp. Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield, Abp. Paul G. W. Schultz, Bishop Christopher Rogers, Bishop Carroll Lowery, Exarch Howard D. van Orden, Archbishop Arthur Garrow, Bishop Petros (Eric Veloso), Bishop Michael Marshal Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated t
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from The Russian Orthodox Church
Saint Andrew Bishop Makarij (Michael Nevskij, 1835 - 02/16/26) was consecrated in 1884 by Bishop Nikon of The Russian Orthodox Church. He was elected Archbishop in 1906 and served as Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomenskoe from 1912-1917. Bishop Makarij consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Evdokim (Basil Michaelovic Meschersky, 1869 - 1935) as Vicar Bishop, Diocese of Moscow, on 4 January 1904. Bishop Evdokim became the Archbishop of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church in 1914. Archbishop Evdokim consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Aftimios (Abdullah Ofiesh, 1880 - 1966) as Bishop of Brooklyn on 13 May 1917. Bishop Aftimios became Archbishop of The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church in 1923. Archbishop Aftimios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Sophronios (Sophronios Bishara, 1888 - 1940) as Bishop of Los Angeles on 26 May 1928, assisted by Elias, Metropolitan of Tyre and Sidon (The Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East) and Bishop Emmanuel (Rizkallah Abo-Hatab, The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church). Bishop Sophronios became Archbishop of The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church in 1933. Archbishop Sophronios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Chrysostomos (John M. More-Moreno, + 1958), assisted by Archbishop-Exarch Benjamin (Ioann Athenasievich Fedchenkov of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church, in November of 1933. Bishop Chrysostomos became the Ruling Bishop of The Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America . Bishop Chrysostomos consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Nikolaus (Perry Nikolaus Cedarholm, 05/18/1890 - 08/06/1979) as Bishop of Brooklyn and Staten Island for The Apostolic Episcopal Church, assisted by Rev'd Fr. David Leondarides, The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem, on 6 December 1949. Mar Nikolaus returned to Sweden in 1951 and was acknowledged as a Bishop by the Church of Sweden. He was enthroned as Bishop of Scandinavia for The Apostolic Episcopal Church in 1953 by Bishop Herman Philippus Abbinga of the Osterns Apostoliske Episkopale Kirke. In 1969 he assumed the position of Archbishop of The Apostolic Episcopal Church. Mar Nikolaus consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Alexander (Nils Bertil Alexander Persson, 11/10/1941 -- ) as Titular Bishop of Smyrna on 12 December 1971. Mar Alexander succeeded Archbishop Nikolaus (Cedarholm) as Archbishop of Scandinavia of The Apostolic Episcopal Church on 22 July 1977. He was enthroned as Primate of The Apostolic Episcopal Church by Archbishop Wallace David de Ortega Maxey on 7 November 1986. Archbishop Persson also serves as the Missionary General for Scandinavia and All Europe for both the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (Philippine Independent Catholic Church, confirmed 15 June 1988; this is a member jurisdiction of The Anglican Communion) and the Igreja Católica Apostólica Brasiliera (Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church, confirmed 14 June 1987). Archbishop Persson consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from The Russian Orthodox Church
Archbishop Theophanies Fan Stylian Noli Bishop Makarij (Michael Nevskij, 1835 - 02/16/26) was consecrated in 1884 by Bishop Nikon of The Russian Orthodox Church. He was elected Archbishop in 1906 and served as Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomenskoe from 1912-1917. Archbishop Makarij (Macarius) consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Evdokim (Basil Michaelovic Meschersky, 1869 - 1935) as Vicar Bishop, Diocese of Moscow, on 4 January 1904. Bishop Evdokim became Archbishop of Alaska and North America for The Russian Orthodox Church in 1914. Archbishop Evdokim consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
ishop Aftimios (Abdullah Ofiesh, 1880 - 1966) as Bishop of Brooklyn on 13 May 1917, assisted by Bishop Stephen Alexander Dzubay of Pittsburgh and Bishop Alexander Alexandrovich Nemolovksy, Bishop of Canada. Bishop Aftimios became Archbishop of The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church in 1923. In 1927, urged on by the chaotic conditions in Russia, the canonical Russian Patriarchial Bishops in the U.S.A. acted upon instructions and advice issued earlier by Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow, and emphasized by his successor, the Locum Tenens (Sergius), and Commissioned Bishop Aftimios to be Archbishop and to found and head an autocephalous American Orthodox Catholic Church. Archbishop Aftimios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Sophronios (Sophronios Bishara, 1888 - 1940) as Bishop of Los Angeles on 26 May 1928, assisted by Elias, Metropolitan of Tyre and Sidon (The Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East) and Bishop Emmanuel (Rizkallah Abo-Hatab, The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church). Bishop Sophronios became Archbishop of The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church in 1933. Archbishop Sophronios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Christopher Kontogiorgios (Contogeorge; 1894 - 8/30/50) on 10 February 1934 at St. John the Baptist Church in New York City, assisting Theophanies Fan Stylian Noli, Archbishop of The AlbanianOrthodox Diocese in America (consecrated 4 December 1923 in St. George's Cathedral in Korcha, Albania, by Metropolitan Kristofor Kissi [Bishop of Syradon] and Metropolitan Hierotheos [Andon Yahd, Bishop of Korcha & Plenipotentiary Exarch of the Patriarchate of Constantinople] as Metropolitan of Durazzo, Gora & Shpata; Primate & Exarch of All Illyria, of the Western Sea & of all Albania; 1924: President of Albania) as Metropolitan of Pentapoleos. Bishop Kontogiorgios was appointed Exarch of the Greek Orthodox Catholic Church under the Patriarchate of Alexandria in 1947. Exarch Kontogiorgios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Konstantin Jaroshevich in 1949, assisted by Archbishop Arsenios Saltas (consecrated 25 August 1934 by Abp. Kontogiorgios and Abp. Theophan Noli) and with the blessing and concurrence of Metropolitan Theophan Noli. In 1954 Abp. Jaroshevich was appointed Exarch of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa in the United States. Archbishop Jaroschevich consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Peter Andreas Zhurawetsky (12/07/01 - 1994) in Sts. Peter and Paul Russian Orthodox Church of Springfield, Massachusetts, on 15 October 1950, assisting Patriarch Joseph Klimovich (of the American Holy Orthodox Catholic Eastern Church; Ptr. Klimovich was consecrated 14 October 1930 by Constantine Kuryllo of the Ruthenian Orthodox Church) together with Metropolitan Nicholas Bohatyretz (of the Ukrainians in the Orthodox Catholic Church in America; Met. Bohatyretz was consecrated 16 November 1913 by Bp. Paulo Louis Prota Guirleo Miraglia Gulotti, Bishop of Piacenza of the Italian National Episcopal Church), Metropolitan Joseph Zielonka (Polish Old Catholic Church of America and Europe) and Bishop Peter M. Williamowich (consecrated by Met. Fan Noli), as Suffragan Bishop, The Polish Old Catholic Church. In December 1960 Bp. Zhurawetsky succeeded Metropolitan Zielonka and immediately changed the name of this jurisdiction to Christ Catholic Church of the Americas and Europe, and taking the name of Peter II. In 1978, His Beatitude, Pope Nikolaus VII of Alexandria and All Africa wrote a letter recognizing Abp. Petros Zhurawetsky as a canonical Orthodox bishop. Patriarch Peter II consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Robert Gerald John Schulyer Zeiger (01/01/29 - 1998) in the Russian Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity and St. Olga, New Brunswick, New Jersey, on 1 July 1961, assisted by Primate Hubert Augustus Rogers, Bishop Julian Lester Smith, and Bishop James Hubert Rogers (all of The North American Old Roman Catholic Church) as Bishop for The Orthodox Catholic Patriarchate of America. He later left Ptr. Zhurawetsky's jurisdiction in 1961 and founded the American Orthodox Catholic Church. In 1964 he resigned as Primate of that jurisdiction while remaining Archbishop Metropolitan of Denver. On 10 August 1976, Abp. Zeiger was consecrated at St. Paul's Monastery, La Porte, Indiana, by Abp/Primate Joseph John Skureth (Western Orthodox Catholic Church) assisted by Bishop Joseph Gabriel Sokolowski, O.S.B. (Abbot General, St. Paul's Monastery, La Porte, Indiana; consecrated 16 March 1970 by Abp. Joseph John Skureth & Bp. Frank Blevins). Abp. Zeiger consecrated sub conditione to the Sacred Episcopate: Bishop Andre Leon Zotique Barbeau (11/22/12 - 2/14/94) on 8 August 1976, assisted by Bishop Gordon Albert Da Costa (Anglican Church of the Americas; consecrated 19 June 1971 by Bp. Benjamin C. Eckardt of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church, assisted by Bp. Charles Kennedy Samuel Steward Moffat and Bp. Albert J. Fuge). He was earlier consecrated on 14 May 1968 at the Pro-Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Mirabel, Quebec, Canada, by Bp. Charles Brearley (Old Holy Catholic Church; consecrated 16 June 1954 by Marziano II, Basileus of Constantinople and of All the Christian Orient {Prince de Deols, Alessandro Licastro de la Chastre Grimaldi-Lascaris}, claimant to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire of the Orient as the 269th Emperor) and later on 26 July 1973 by Bishop Garry Robert Armstrong (Liberal Catholic Church International; consecrated 8 October 1972 by Bp. William Henry Daw of the Liberal Catholic Church International). He was further consecrated sub conditione on 19 August 1976 by Abp. Josef Maria Thiesen (Alt Roemisch Katholische Kirche in Germany; consecrated 17 April 1949 by Bp. Aloysius Stumpfl) and on 12/12/76 s.c. at the Cite de Marie, Mirabel, Quebec, Canada by Bp. George Bellemare (Eglise Universelle de la Nouvelle Alliance; consecrated 7 July 1975 by Bp. Roger Caro, assisted by Bp. Maurice Auberger and Bp. Patrick LeBar). Patriarch Barbeau consecrated sub conditione to the Sacred Episcopate: Archbishop Leonard J. Curreri (07/27/46 - ) on 30 July 1977 at Mirabel, Quebec, Canada, assisted by Archbishop Rainer Laufer (Old Holy Catholic Church of Canada; Abp. Laufer was consecrated 18 November 1975 by: Bp. Charles Brearley of The Old Holy Catholic Church; Abp. Andre LeTellier, Titular Archbishop of Hippo and Archbishop Coadjutor of Montreal, Canada, Catholic Charismatic Church of Canada; and Bp. Jean- Marie Breault, Titular Bishop of Bethlehem and Auxiliary Bishop of Montreal, Catholic Charismatic Church of Canada), as Primate of The Tridentine Catholic Church. Abp. Curreri was first consecrated at Holy Cross Polish Catholic Church, New York City, on 23 April 1977 by Bp. Francis Joseph Ryan (Ecumenical Orthodox Catholic Church--Autocephalous; Bp. Ryan was consecrated in 1965 by Ptr. Udladyslau Ryzy-Ryski), assisted by Bp. Holmes Bennett Dayhoff (Tridentine Catholic Church) and Bp. John Basilo (American Orthodox Catholic Church; Bp. Basilo was consecrated by Walter Myron Propheta). Archbishop Curreri consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Peter Paul Brennan (1941 - ) on 10 June 1978 at Our Lady Queen of Heaven Church, Long Island, New York, assisting Bishop Richard Thomas McFarland (African Orthodox Church). He was consecrated sub conditione on 4 October 1979 by Archbishop Leonard J. Curreri (Tridentine Catholic Church), assisted by Archbishop Peter James G. Grazeloa (American National Catholic Church) and Bp. Holmes Bennett Dayhoff. In 1984 Abp. Brennan became head of the Ecumenical Catholic Diocese of the Americas based in West Hempstead, New York. Abp. Brennan consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Howard D. van Orden ((1938 - ) on 14 October 1984, assisting Bp. Patrick J. Callahan (Old Roman Catholic Church--Utrecht Succession; Bp. Callahan was consecrated on 17 April 1984 by Abp. Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield and Abp. Paul G. W. Schultz) as Bishop of The Western Rite Orthodox Catholic Church of Jesus in St. Stephen's Orthodox Catholic Church of Savannah, Georgia. Bishop van Orden consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from The Russian Orthodox Church through Bishop Joseph A. Zuk (William Propheta Succession)
Bishop Makarij (Michael Nevskij, 1835 - 02/16/26) was consecrated in 1884 by Bishop Nikon of The Russian Orthodox Church. He was elected Archbishop in 1906 and served as Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomenskoe from 1912-1917. Archbishop Makarij (Macarius) consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Evdokim (Basil Michaelovic Meschersky, 1869 - 1935) as Vicar Bishop, Diocese of Moscow, on 4 January 1904. Bishop Evdokim became Archbishop of Alaska and North America for The Russian Orthodox Church in 1914. Archbishop Evdokim consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Aftimios (Abdullah Ofiesh, 1880 - 1966) as Bishop of Brooklyn on 13 May 1917, assisted by Bishop Stephen Alexander Dzubay of Pittsburgh and Bishop Alexander Alexandrovich Nemolovksy, Bishop of Canada. Bishop Aftimios became Archbishop of The Syrian Orthodox Mission of The North American Diocese of The Russian Orthodox Church in 1923. In 1927, urged on by the chaotic conditions in Russia, the canonical Russian Patriarchial Bishops in the U.S.A. acted upon instructions and advice issued earlier by Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow, and emphasized by his successor, the Locum Tenens (Sergius), and Commissioned Bishop Aftimios to be Archbishop and to found and head an autocephalous American Orthodox Catholic Church. Archbishop Aftimios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Joseph A. Zuk (? - 2/23/34) was consecrated on 7 February 1932 by Bp. Aftimios (Abdullah Ofiesh; Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America), assisted by Bp. Sophronios Bishara (Bishop of Los Angeles) as Assistant Bishop of The Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America with special oversight over The Ukrainian Orthodox Church of America. The ecclesiastical jurisdiction of these bishops (Ofiesh, Bishara & Zuk) is believed by many to be the sole canonical successor of The Russian Orthodox jurisdiction established for North America by way of Alaska in 1763 under Canon Law (Council of Chalcedon, 453 A.D.); thus this jurisdiction would be the only lawful (i.e., canonical) Orthodox jurisdiction in the U.S.A. Bishop Zuk consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
William Albert Nichols (12/4/1867 - 2/6/1947) on 27 September 1932, together with Bp. Sophronios Bishara, assisting Abp. Aftimios (Abdullah Ofiesh). Bishop Nichols took the ecclesiastical name of Ignatius. Against canon law and Church tradition, Bp. Ignatius (Nichols) married in June of 1933, for which he was formally removed from Office by Bp. Bishara. Upon the death of both Bp. Bishara and Bp. Zuk in 1934, Bp. Nichols assumed leadership of part of The Holy Eastern Orthodox and Apostolic Church in North America, officially incorporating it in the State of New York on 16 March 1936 under the name: The Holy Orthodox Church in America. This newly incorporated jurisdiction also included the former Anglican Universal Church of Christ in the United States of America (Chaldean), which allowed married bishops and was headed by Abp. George Winslow Plummer. Ignatius, Archbishop of Washington, D.C., consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate: George Winslow Plummer (8/25/1876 - 1/23/1944) on 8 May 1934, assisted by Bishop Ambrosius (Maitland Raines of The Russian Orthodox Church; consecrated by Bp. Alexander Vvedensky) and took the ecclesiastical name of Mar Georgius. Mar Georgius consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Stanislaus de Witow (born Stanislaus Witowski; 2/9/1890 - 4/1969) on 29 November 1936, assisted by Abp. Ignatius (William Albert Nichols) and Bishop Irenaeus (Henry van Arsdale Parsell; consecrated 19 September 1920 by Bp Manuel Ferrando of the Reformed Episcopal Church assisted by Mar Georgius/Plummer) and took the ecclesiastical name Theodotus. Bp. Theodotus became head of The Holy Orthodox Church in America on 14 April 1951 succeeding Abp/Primate Roy C. Toombs (who had succeeded Mar Georgius on 23 January 1944). Abp. Theodotus consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Walter Myron Propheta (1912 - 10/8/1972) in Springfield, Massachusetts, on 3 October 1964, assisting Ptr. Joachim Souris of the True Orthodox Church of Greece (consecrated 2 June 1951 by Ptr. Joseph Klimovicz of the American Holy Orthodox Catholic Eastern Church, assisted by Ptr. Peter A. Zhurawetsky, Bp. Jozef Zielonka, and Bp. Clement I {John Cyril Sherwood}). On 30 March1965 he was elevated to Archbishop by Abp. Theodotus and Bishop Theoklitus Kantaris (Bishop of the Greek Orthodox Diocese of New York , consecrated by Makarios III, Archbishop/Primate of Cyprus), and took the ecclesiastical name of Patriarch Woldymyr I. Ptr. Woldymyr I consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate: John Arthur Christian (Chiasson; born: John Christofer Saison; ? - 12/25/1984) on 31 July 1966, assisted by Abp. Theodotus (Stanislaus De Witow). He was elected to succeed Ptr. Woldymyr I at a Synod of The American Orthodox Catholic Church on 18 November 1972, taking the ecclesiastical name of Christian I. Ptr. Christian I consecrated sub conditione to the Sacred Episcopate:
Harold James Donovan (? - 3/18/1996) in Chicago, Illinois, on 4 July 1982, at the request of the Holy Synod of The Holy Orthodox Catholic Apostolic Church in the Philippines, taking the ecclesiastical name of Mar Aftimios II. He had been previously consecrated on 16 March 1980 as Missionary Bishop for this jurisdiction by Bp. Tirso Cinco Noble, assisted by Bp. Miguel Pestano Borja, Bp. Joel T. Borja, and Bp. Urbano A. Blanco (all Bishops within The Holy Orthodox Catholic Apostolic Church in the Philippines). In co-operation with Ptr. Christian I, Mar Aftimios II created an Exarchy in January 1983 of the Philippine Church later known as: The American Orthodox Church. Mar Aftimios II was consecrated sub conditione on 19 January 1987 by Bishop- Primate Forest Ernest Barber of the Holy Orthodox Catholic Apostolic Church in the Philippines (a part of the Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira) assisted by Metropolitan Mark (Senen C. Bordeos) of the Holy Orthodox Catholic Apostolic Church in the Philippines, based in Los Banos. Mar Aftimios II consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Eric Tan Ong Veloso on 12 March 1989 in The Holy Guardian Angels Chapel, Glendale, California, assisted by Abp. Paul G. W. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles and Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in the Americas). Bp. Veloso had been previously consecrated on 30 October 1988 in Our Mother of Perpetual Help Orthodox Catholic Church of Los Angeles, California, by Abp. Howard D. van Orden, assisted by Bp. Jack London Mette (of the Catholic Apostolic Church in North America/Patriarchate of Brazil; consecrated by: Abp. de Ortega Maxey; Bp. Raymond Eugene Hefner; Ptr. Francis Jerome Joachim; Bp. Charles David Luther) and Bp. Carroll T. Lowery, for the Orthodox CatholicChurch in The Philippines, taking the ecclesiastical name of Mar Petros. Mar Petros consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from The Church of Armenia
Bishop Gregory Petros VIII, Catholicos-Patriarch of Cilicia of The Armenians, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Leon Chorchorunian on 7 April 1861 A.D. as Titular Archbishop of Malatia. Archbishop Chorchorunian consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate: Leon Chechemian on 23 April 1879 A.D. as "a Bishop at Malatia, Asia Minor". Bishop Chechemian consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
James Martin on 2 November 1890 A.D. as Archbishop of Caerleon-upon-Usk. Archbishop Martin consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Benjamin Charles Harris on 25 July 1915 A.D. as Bishop of Essex. Bishop Harris consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Charles Leslie Saul on 17 November 1944 A.D. at St. Paul's Church, Outwood, near Radcliffe, Manchester, England. On 8 September 1945 A.D. Bishop Saul was given the title and position of Archbishop of Suthronia in the Eparchy of All the Britons. Archbishop Saul consecrated s.c. to the sacred Episcopate:
Herman Philippus Abbinga on 28 November 1946 A.D. as Missionary Bishop for Holland and Indonesia, assisting Mar Georgius of the Catholic Apostolic Church and Bishop Richard Kenneth Hurgon of The Order of Christ Our Most Holy Redeemer and King. Bishop Abbinga consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Perry Nikolaus Cedarholm on 31 May 1953 A.D. in Oslo, Norway, as Bishop of Scandinavia for The Apostolic Episcopal Church. Bishop Cedarholm consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Persson Archbishop of Scandinavia, Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira assisted by Abp. Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield, Abp. Paul G. W. Schultz, Bishop Christopher Rogers, Bishop Carroll Lowery, Exarch Howard D. van Orden, Archbishop Arthur Garrow, Bishop Petros (Eric Veloso), Bishop Michael Marshal Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from the Syrian Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East
The Syrian Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East During the centuries Syria was governed by Rome/Constantinople, Antioch came to rank among one of the greatest cities of the empire in prestige, luxury, culture, law, medicine, art, literature, philosophy, and religion. By the middle of the 5th century, paganism had died out and monasticism was flourishing. Antiimperial, nationalist politics, however, soon came to find expression in the Monophysite controversies, which politically weakened both Syria and Constantinople. When the Patriarch of Antioch, Severus (Sawiriyus I), patriotically embraced the Monophysite movement in A.D. 518, the Church of Syria split. The faction loyal to imperial government elected Bulus I as their new Patriarch and forced Ptr. Severus into exile at Alexandria. (The Faithful in the Patriarchates of Jerusalem, Alexandria, and Antioch who continued to recognize Papal and Imperial authority came to be called Melkites--after the Greek word for "king".
For The Evangelical Catholic Church's Apostolic Lines from this group, see the section The Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East. In A.D. 542, during the fourth year of Patriarch Severus' Monophysite successor (Sergius, Sirjiyus), Fr. Ya'qub al-Barda'i (Jacob Baradaeus) began a 36-year missionary journey throughout the Near East on behalf of Monophysitism and ordaining thousands of priests. His efforts solidified his Church's support among the common people and left such a positive and lasting impression that the Church for which he so arduously ministered is still fondly termed "Jacobite". Syria was absorbed into the Muslim world at the beginning of the seventh century. The Jacobite Church flourished for many centuries, enjoying better treatment under the Muslims than under Constantinople. SinceA.D. 1313, however, the Church has experienced a long decline and many factional splits.
Beginning with Patriarch Ignatius V (A.D. 1313), the Syrian prelate of Antioch has taken the name Ignatius as his religious name, in honor of St. Ignatius (the third Patriarch of Antioch), to which is added a second name and numeral. The head of this Syrian Church has the title: Patriarch of Antioch and of All the Domain of the Apostolic Throne. Moran Mar Ignatius Yacob II (Ighnatiyus Ya'qub II), Patriarch of Antioch and All The East, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Joseph Mar Dionysios V (Joseph Pulikottil, 1832 - 7/11/1909), as Metropolitan of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church on 12 February 1865 in Omeed (Deyarbekir), Turkey. He took the ecclesiastical name of Joseph Mar Dionysios V. Mar Dionysios consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Julius I (Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvarez, 1837-1923), in the chapel of the Syrian seminary in Kottayam as Archbishop of Ceylon, Goa and India on 29 July 1889, assisted by Paulose Mar Athanasius (Paulose Kadavil Kooran), Paulose Mar Ivanios (Paulose Murimatton), and Geevarghese Mar Gregorios (Geevarghese Pallathitta Chaturuthil), all Bishops of The Malankar Orthodox Syrian Church. He took the ecclesiastical name of Mar Julius I. Mar Julius consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Timotheus I (Joseph Rene Vilatte, 1/24/1854 - 7/8/1929), in Ceylon (nor Sri Lanka) as ArchbishopExarch of North America for The American Catholic Church on 29 May 1892, assisted by Paulose Mar Athanasius (Paulose Kadavil Kooran) and Geevarghese Mar Gregorios (Geevarghese Pallathitta Chaturuthil), Bishops of The Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, in accordance with the Patriarchal Bull of Moran Mor Ignatius Peter III dated 29 December 1891 at Mardin. Mar Timotheus I consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Francis (John Barwell Walker, aka Edmund Basile Walker-Baxter, 10/25/1881 - 4/2/1963) on 1 June 1923, taking the ecclesiastical nameFrancis. He succeeded Mar Timotheus (Vilatte) on 25 June 1923 as Grand Master of The Order of The Crown of Thorns, taking the title of Prince Edmond de San Luigi, Edmond I. On 1 January 1946 he was consecrated by Antoine Joseph Aneed (Byzantine Universal {Catholic} and Orthodox Church of the Americas), assisted by Bishop Henry Joseph Kleefisch and Bishop Charles H. Hampton, and assigned as Titular Bishop of Caesarea. Mar Francis consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield (7/3/1912 - ?), for the Byzantine Universal (Catholic) and Orthodox Church of the Americas sub conditione on 24 August 1961. Archbishop Emile, Iglesia Catolica Apostolica Mexicana, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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Apostolic Succession from the Melkite-Greek Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East
Cyrillos VIII Jeha (Petros Geha, 1840--1916), the Melkite-Greek Catholic Patriarch of Antioch and all the East, of Alexandria and of Jerusalem, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Athanasios (Melece Saouaya/Sawoya, 3/15/1870 -- 4/6/1919) on 5 February 1905 in The Chapel of St Michael at Cairo, Egypt, as Metropolitan Archbishop of Beirut and Gebeil, Lebanon. Abp. Athanasios (Sawoya) consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Antoun Anid (Anthony Aneed, 2/27/1881 -- 8/24/1970) on 9 October 1911 in New York as Assistant Bishop (although not recognized by Rome, this consecration was later recognized by Patriarch Kirillus IX Mughabghab of The Melkite-Greek Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch). On 1 January 1946 Bishop Aneed was enthroned as Patriarch of The Byzantine Universal (Catholic) and Orthodox Church of the Americas. Patriarch Aneed consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield on 24 November 1964. Archbishop Rodriguez y Fairfield was installed as the Archbishop/Primate of the Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana on 13 September 1983. Archbishop Emile consecrated de novo to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin did consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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The Apostolic Succession from the Church of Cyprus
The Church of Cyprus was founded, according to Tradition, by St. Barnabas (mentioned in The New Testament). In A.D. 431 She was recognized as autocephalous under an independent Archbishop. During the Crusades, Cyprus was seized by Richard I, King of England. King Richard gave the island to Guy of Lusignan, titular King of Jerusalem, c. 1191 A.D., who placed the Orthodox Bishops of Cyprus under the Latin Archbishop of Nikosia. Finally, when Orthodox Archbishop Germanos died ( c. 1275 A.D.), The Church of Cyprus was not allowed to elect a new Primate. Venice took control of Cyprus in 1489 A.D., but still did not allow the election of a new Primate. The Ottoman Empire gained control of Cyprus in 1571 A.D. , at which time the Orthodox Faithful began instigating for a new Primate. In 1572 A.D., Turkey finally allowed the election of a new Archbishop of New Justiniana and All Cyprus. In 1821 A.D. they murdered the Archbishop (Kyprianos) and his three Bishops for aiding the Greek rebels on the mainland. At the end of the Russo-Turkish War (1877-78), fearing Russian expansion, Turkey turned complete control of Cyprus over to the British for a rental of c. $500,000 a year (with Turkey retaining nominal title to the island). In the 20th century, Cyprus has been continuously plagued with fighting: between the Greek and the Turkish populations, between the British administration and those seeking union with Greece and those seeking total independence. The Archepiscopal throne was vacant several times during this period (e.g., 1900-1909, 1933- 1947).
The Primate of The Church of Cyprus bears the title Archbishop of New Justiniana and All Cyprus and resides in Nikosia. Makarios II, Archbishop of New Justiniana and All Cyprus, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Makarios III (Mikhail Christodolou Mouskos Kykkotis, 8/13/13--8/3/77) on 13 June 1948. Bishop Kykkotis was elected Primate of Cyprus in 1950. Archbishop Makarios III consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Theoklitos Kantaris as Bishop of Salamis, Cyprus. Bishop Kantaris consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Wolodymyr I (Walter Myron Propheta, 1912--8/10/72) on 30 March 1965 as Archbishop of the American Orthodox Catholic Church with the title of Patriarch Wolodymyr I, assisted by Abp. Theodotus (Stanislaus de Witow). (Bishop Propheta was first consecrated on 3 October 1964 by Patriarch Joachim Souris of the True Orthodox Church of Greece, assisted by Abp. Theodotus. Some view the 1965 elevation as not a consecration to the Office of Archbishop but merely an installation into that Office.) Patriarch Wolodymyr I consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Homer Ferdinand Roebke on 4 March 1967 as Archbishop for The American Orthodox Catholic Church. Archbishop Roebke consecrated s.c. to the Sacred Episcopate:
Paul Christian G. W. Schultz (4/10/31--9/13/95) on 7 May 1975. Archbishop Schultz consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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The Apostolic Succession From The Order of Corporate Reunion
The Apostolic Succession From The Order of Corporate Reunion At the direction of the Roman Catholic Hierarch at Milan, Italy, in the summer of 1877, a plan was initiated for the purpose of introducing Orders into a Pro-Uniate Movement within The Church of England which The Vatican would be compelled to recognize as valid. Roman Catholic Archbishop
Luigi Nazari di Calabiana of Milan (consecrated 12 April 1847; Archbishop of Milan from 1867 - 1893), joined near the city of Venice, Italy, by two unnamed Bishops (Greek and Coptic, their names being kept under the confessional seal but their validity guaranteed by The Vatican), did consecrate three bishops in the summer of 1877 to the sacred episcopacy: Dr. Frederick George Lee (01/06/1832 - 01/22/02) as Bishop of Dorchester and Primate I of The Order of Corporate Reunion. Thomas Wimberley Mossman (1826 - 06/06/1885 ) as Bishop of Selby. Dr. John Thomas Seccombe (1835 - 1895 ) as Bishop of Caerleon. Bp. Lee, Bp. Mossman and Bp. Seccombe, assisting Mar Pelagius I (Patriarch
Richard Williams Morgan, First British Patriarch of the Patriarchate of Antioch for the Ancient British Church, consecrated in 1874 by Mar Julius {Raimond Ferrette}, Bishop of Iona and Patriarchal Legate for Western Europe; at some time Bp. Morgan was also consecrated by Bp. Seccombe), consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 6 March 1879:
Charles Isaac Stevens (1935 - 02/02/17) as Mar Theophilus I for The Order of Corporate Reunion; later Hierarch of Caerleon-on-Usk and Second Patriarch of The Ancient British Church. Mar Theophilus I, assisted by Bp. Alfred Spencer Richardson of The Reformed Episcopal Church, consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 4 May 1890:
Leon Chechemian (1848 - 1920) asMar Leon, Archbishop of Selsey for The Ancient British Church. Abp. Chechemian, assisted by Abp. James Martin, Bp. Frederick Boucher, and Bp. George W. L. Maaers, consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 2 November 1897:
Andrew Charles Albert McLagen 1851 - 1928) as Colonial Missionary Bishop for Cape Colony and Titular Bishop of Claremont. In 1919 Bp. McLagen became the 4th Patriarch of The Ancient British Church. Ptr. McLagen consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 4 June 1922:
Herbert James Monzani-Heard (1866 - 08/15/47) in St. Andrew's Church, Retreat Place, London, as Mar Jacobus II, Bishop of Selsey and Primate of The Ancient British Church and the United Armenian Catholic Church. Bp. Heard became the 5th Patriarch of The Ancient British Church/Free Protestant Episcopal Church in 1930. Ptr. Monzani-Heard consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 13 June 1943:
William Bernard Crow (09/11/1895 - 06/28/76) as Mar Bernard, Bishop of Santa Sophia. On 17 October 1943 at "The Council of London," Bp. Crow was elected by representatives of The Ancient British Church, British Orthodox Catholic Church, Apostolic Episcopal Church, Old Catholic Orthodox Church, Order of the Holy Wisdom, and Order of Antioch to the Patriarchal See of Antioch with the title of Mar Basilius Abdullah III. On 23 March 1944 the Ancient British Church, British Orthodox Catholic Church and the Old Catholic Orthodox Church banded together to form The Western Orthodox Catholic Church. Ptr. Mar Basilius Abdullah II consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 10 April 1944:
Hugh George de Willmott Newman 01/17/05 - 02/28/79) as Mar Georgius. On 29 January 1945 Mar Georgius became the 6th Patriarch of The Ancient British Church with the title Patriarch of Glastonbury. Ptr. Mar Georgius, assisted by Mar Joannes, Titular Bishop of St. Marylebone (William John Eaton Jeffrey), Mar Leofric, Archbishop of Suthronia in the Eparchy of all the Britons (Charles Leslie Saul), and Mar David, Bishop of Repton (Dr. Francis David Bacon), consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 22 April 1946:
Richard Kenneth Hurgon (04/24/02 - ?) as Mar Benignus, Titular Bishop of Mere (Somerset). On 29 March 1981 Mar Benignus became Primus of The Reformed Catholic Church (Utrecht Confession). Bp. Hurgon consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 7 December 1985:
Nils Bertil Alexander Persson (11/10/41 - ), Archbishop of Europe & Asia, The Apostolic Episcopal Church. He was enthroned as Primate of the Apostolic Episcopal Church on 7 November 1986 and served as Primate VIII of The Order of Corporate Reunion. Abp. Persson, assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodrigues y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Abp. Howard D. van Orden (Philippine Independent Catholic Church in the Americas), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), and Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America), each assisting, cooperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands and uttering all the words of consecration in unison, together with Archbishop Paul Christian Gerald W. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles, Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas, and Apostolic Administrator in the U.S.A. for The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Bishop Eric T. Ong Veloso (Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers (Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Exarch Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church), consecrated to the sacred episcopacy on 5 August 1989:
Karl Julius Barwin (10/16/43 - ), Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California.
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The Primary Apostolic Succession from The Syrian-Malankarese (African Orthodox) Church
The Primary Apostolic Succession from The Syrian-Malankarese (African Orthodox) Church Believing that Blacks should have a Church of their own, a PECUSA priest (the Rev'd Dr. George Alexander McGuire, an immigrant from the West Indies), withdrew from that jurisdiction to establish independent Black congregations in the United States. This new movement was first called the Independent Episcopal Church, but a few years later (on 2 September 1921) in The Church of the Good Shepherd in New York City the name was changed to "The African Orthodox Church." This meeting became the first General Synod of the new jurisdiction, which also elected Fr. McGuire as its first Bishop. Negotiations were immediately initiated with The Russian Orthodox Church in America in order to obtain valid Apostolic Orders for the newly elected Bishop. With the uncanonical actions of other national Orthodox groups in the United States, taking advantage of the confusion and disorganization caused by the Communist Revolution in Russia, the Russians were hesitant to assist the formation of yet another "independent" jurisdiction. They made it clear that they were willing to talk, but in the end they intended to fully control this Black jurisdiction. Such an arrangement was totally unacceptable to Fr. McGuire and the other leaders of this new jurisdiction. Other Orthodox groups in the U.S.A. expressed the same willingness and intent as the Russians, however.
The African Orthodox Church finally entered into negotiations with Archbishop Joseph Rene Vilatte and The American Catholic Church. Bishop-elect
George Alexander McGuire was finally consecrated on 28 September 1921 by Archbishop Vilatte (who took his episcopal orders from the West Syrian Church of Antioch) and Bishop Carl A. Nybladh (of The Swedish Orthodox Church) in The Church of Our Lady of Good Death in Chicago, Illinois. The African Orthodox Church lays strong emphasis upon the Apostolic Succession, a valid priesthood and upon the historic Mysteries and Rites of The One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church. It holds the original seven Sacraments of the Western Church; its worship is a blending of Western and Eastern liturgies and it espouses the three traditional and historic Catholic Creeds (i.e., Apostles, Nicene and Athanasian).. Polity is, of course, episcopal; bishops are in charge of dioceses or jurisdictions. Groups of dioceses form a Province, which is led by an Archbishop. The Primate Archbishop Metropolitan is general overseer of all the work of the Church, which now extends over the United States, Canada, Latin America, and the Union of South Africa. All baptized are considered members of the Church. SYRIAN – MALANKARESE (AFRICAN ORTHODOX) SUCCESSION 1.
Peter, 38;
2. Evodus 40;
3. Ignatius I, 43;
4. Aaron, 123;
5. Cornelius, 123;
6. Eodos, 142;
7. Theophulus, 157;
8. Maximinus, 171;
9. Seraphim, 179;
10. Astlediaes, 189;
11. Philip, 201;
12. Sebinus {Zebinus},219;
13. Babylos, 237;
14. Fabius, 250;
15. Demetrius, 251;
16. Paul I, 259;
17. Domnus I, 270;
18. Timotheus, 281;
19. Cyrilus, 281;
20. Tyrantus, 296;
21. Vitalius, 301;
22. Philognius, 318;
23. Eustachius, 323;
24. Paulinius, 338;
25. Philabianus, 383;
26. Evagrius, 386;
27. Phosohorius, 416;
28. Alexander, 418;
29. John I, 428;
30. Theodotus, 431;
31. Domnus II, 442;
32. Maximus, 450;
33. Accacius, 454;
34. Martyrius, 457;
35. Peter II, 464;
36. Philadius, 500;
37. Serverius, 509;
38. Segius, 544;
39. Domnus III, 547;
40. Anadtasius, 560;
41. Gregory I, 564;
42. Paul II, 567;
43. Patra, 571;
44. Domnus IV, 586;
45. Julianus, 591;
46. Athanasius I, 595;
47. John II, 636;
48. Theodorus I, 649;
49. Severus, 668;
50. Athanasius II, 684;
51. Julianus II, 687;
52. Elias I, 709;
53. Athanasius III 724;
54. Evanius I, 740;
55. Gervasius I, 759;
56. Joseph, 790;
57. Cyriacus, 793;
58. Dionysius I, 818;
59. John III, 847;
60. Ignatius II, 877;
61. Theodosius, 887;
62. Dionysius II 897;
63. John IV, 910;
64. Basilus I, 922;
65. John V, 936;
66. Evanius II, 954;
67. Dionysius III, 958;
68. Abraham I, 962;
69. John VI, 965,
70. Athamasius IV, 987;
71. John VII, 1004;
72. Dionysius IV, 1032;
73. Theodorus II, 1042;
4. Athanasius V, 1058;
75. John VIII, 1064;
76. Basilius II, 1074;
77. Abdoone, 1076;
78. Dionysius V, 1077;
79. Evanius III, 1080;
80. Dionysius VI, 1088;
81. Athanasius VI, 1091;
82. John IX, 1131; 83. Athanasius VII, 1139;
84. Michael I, 1167;
85. Athanasius VIII, 1200;
86. Michael II, 1207;
87. John X, 1208;
88. Ignatius III, 1223;
89. Dionysius VII, 1253;
90. John XI, 1253;
91. Ignatius IV, 1264;
92. Philanus, 1283;
93. Ignatius Baruhid, 1293;
94. Ignatius Ismael, 1333;
95. Ignatius Basilius III, 1366;
96. Ignatius Abraham II, 1382;
97. Ignatius Bacalius IV, 1412;
98. Ignatius Behanam I, 1415;
99. Ignatius Kalejih, 1455;
100.Ignatius John XII, 1483;
102.Ignatius Jesus I, 1509;
103.Ignatius Jacob I, 1510;
104.Ignatius David I, 1519;
105.Ignatius Abdullah I, 1520;
106.Ignatius Naamathalak, 1557;
107.Ignatius David II, 1577;
108.Ignatius Philathus, 1591;
109.Ignatius Abdullah II, 1597;
110.Ignatius Cadhai, 1598;
111.Ignatius Simeon, 1640;
112.Ignatius Jesus II, 1661;
113.Ignatius Messiah, 1661;
114.Ignatius Cabeeb, 1686;
115.Ignatius Gervasius II, 1687;
116.Ignatius Isaac, 1708;
117.Ignatius Siccarablak, 1722;
101.Ignatius Noah, 1492;
118.Ignatius Gervasius III, 1746;
119.Ignatius Gervasius IV, 1768;
120.Ignatius Mathias, 1781;
121.Ignatius Behanam, 1810;
122.Ignatius Jonas, 1817;
123.Ignatius Gervasius V, 1818;
124.Ignatius Elias II, 1839;
125.Ignatius Jacob II, 1847;
126.Mar Ignatius Peter III, 1872.
127. Paulose Mar Athanasius (Kadavil Kooran) was consecrated on December 4, 1907 by Mar Ignatius Peter III as Syrian Antioch Bishop of Kottayam and Metropolitan of Malabar (India).
128. Mar Julius I (Antonio Francis Xavier Alvares) was consecrated July 28, 1889, by Paulose Mar Athanasius, under authority of Patriarch Ignatius Peter III to be Archbishop of the Latin Rite Independent Catholic Church of Ceylon, Goa and India.
129. Mar Timotheus I (Joseph Rene Vilatte, 1854-1929), Archbishop-Exarch of North America for The American Catholic Church, assisted by Bishop Carl A. Nybladh of The Swedish Orthodox Church, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
130. Bishop George Alexander McGuire (03/26/1866 - 11/10/1934) as Bishop of The African Orthodox Church in The Church of Our Lady of Good Death in Chicago, Illinois. Bp. McGuire became Primate in 1924 and took the title of Patriarch Alexander I. Bishop McGuire, assisted by Bp. Frederick Ebenezer John Lloyd (Primate of The American Catholic Church), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
131. Bishop William Ernest James Robertson (02/29/1875 - 1962) as Bishop of The African Orthodox Church in The Cathedral Church of the Good Shepherd in New York City on 18 November 1923. Bp. Robertson became Primate of The African Orthodox Church in 1934 and took the title of Mar James I. Bishop Robertson, assisted by Abp. Richard Grant Robinson (Abp. of Philadelphia), Bp. Clement John Cyril Sherwood, Bp. Collins Gordon Wolcott, and four other Bishops, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
132. Bishop William Russell Miller (03/02/1900 - ?) as Bishop of The African Orthodox Church on 6 August 1950 and as African Orthodox Rector in Brooklyn, N.Y. Bp. Miller became Primate of The African Orthodox Church in 1976. Ptr. Miller, assisted by Bp. George. Duncan Hinkson, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
133. Bishop Richard Thomas McFarland as Bishop of The African Orthodox Church on 31 October 1976. Bp. McFarland, assisted by Bp. Leonard J. Curreri (Tridentine Catholic Church), consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
134. Bishop Peter Paul Brennan as Bishop in Our Lady Queen of Heaven Church, Long Island, N.Y. on 10 June 1978. Bp. Brennan, assisting Bp. Patrick J. Callahan, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
135 Bishop Howard D. van Orden (1938 - ) as Bishop of The Western Rite Orthodox Catholic Church of Jesus in St. Stephen's Orthodox Catholic Church of Savannah, Georgia, on 14 October 1984. Bp. van Orden was consecrated sub conditione for The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in the Americas on 10 December 1988 by Abp. Francisco de Jesus Pagtakhan (Archbishop Secretary for Missions, Ecumenical Relations and Foreign Affairs), assisted by Abp. Paul Schultz, Bp. Christopher Rogers, and Bp. Carroll Lowery. Bishop van Orden consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
136. Bishop Karl Julius Barwin (10/16/43 - ) as Primate of The Evangelical Catholic Church on The Feast of Saint Addai and Saint Mari (5 August) 1989, in The Chapel of The Holy Guardian Angels in Glendale, California, assisting Archbishop Bertil Persson (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Archbishop Emile Federico Rodrigues y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), and Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America), each assisting, coöperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands and uttering all the words of consecration. Assisting as Co-Consecrators were Archbishop Paul Christian Gerald W. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles, Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas, and Apostolic Administrator of the U.S.A. for The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Bishop Eric T. Ong Veloso (Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers (Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Exarch Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church). Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
137 Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He consecrated,
138 MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California
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The Apostolic Succession from The Syrian Church (Church of the East)
The Apostolic Succession from The Syrian Church (Church of the East) The Church of the East also known as The Syrian Church, The East Syrian Church, or The Church of Assyria, claims Apostolic origins. She traces Her existence back to a small Christian community founded by the Apostles Peter, Thomas, and Bartholomew, as well as St. Addai and St. Mari of The Seventy, at Edessa (Urfa) during the first century after Christ. Although Her list of Bishops, with their years of service to The Church, is even more difficult to verify than that of The Church of Rome, Her tradition of Apostolic Succession has never been challenged. The Church of the East enjoyed a limited measure of tolerance during the first few centuries after Christ under Persian rule. This was due primarily to the Persian's endemic and inveterate hatred of the Romans and the persecution of the Christian religion in The Roman Empire. About 280 A.D., Mar ("Lord", Abouna, Episkopos, Bishop) Papa organized The Church into a Metropolitanate centered around the city of Seleucia, which is about thirty miles from modern-day Baghdad. After the conversion of Emperor Constantine of Rome to Christianity, however, the loyalty of Persian Christians became suspect.
For almost one hundred years (c. 330 - 440 A.D.) Christians in the Persian Empire suffered under intermittent persecution. One of the blessed martyrs, in fact, was The Catholicos (the designation for The Metropolitan of Seleucia-Ctesiphon after 280 A.D.), Shimun bar Sabbai. In the fifth century The Catholicos took the title of Catholicos-Patriarch of the East. The persecution of Christianity in the fourth and fifth centuries scattered the members of The Church across all of Asia; they brought their Church with them. The Church grew rapidly during these centuries, reaching Her peak of cultural development and influence during the reign of Catholicos-Patriarch Yabhalaha III (1283 - 1318 A.D.). The Church's members and missionaries by this time had carried The Church of the East across all of Asia, from Arabia to Ceylon, Burma, India, Thailand, Indochina and into China itself. The Assyrian Church seemed destined to become the sole source of Christian instruction for the oriental world. The rise of the Mongols, however, slowed this missionary effort, and nearly destroyed The Church. By the mid-fifteenth century, the core of The Assyrian Church had sought refuge in the mountains of Kurdistan and Azerbaijan. Political developments about this time made communication between The Metropolitan of Malabar, a major center of The Church, and The Catholicos-Patriarch of The East impossible. This eventually resulted in the conversion of the Malabar members of The Church of the East to The Church of Rome or to the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch.
The sack of Baghdad was followed by the widespread destruction of Church property and buildings, and the wholesale slaughter of Church leaders. This led, of necessity, to the election (with Shim'un V or VI) of the nephew of the previous Patriarch. The Patriarch had been raised in his uncle's house, trained from birth for the high position to which he was now elected. The Patriarchate now became hereditary in the bar Mama family, with succession passing from uncle to nephew or sometimes to brother. After the crisis subsided, upon the death of Ishu'yabh Shim'un VIII in 1551 A.D. (about one hundred years after the establishment of the hereditary Patriarchate) a significant faction of Bishops and secular leaders attempted to restore the ancient electoral process.
They chose a monk to be the new Catholicos- Patriarch, Sa'ud bar Dani'il, whose religious name was Yukhannan Sulaqa. Dinkha Shim'un bar Mama, however, was named by his family as successor to his uncle, Ishu'yabh. Thus The Church was split into two factions: The Church of the East and what later came to be known as The Chaldean Catholic Church. To complicate matters, Sulaqa immediately sought legitimacy from Rome; Pope Julius III ratified his election and bestowed upon him the official title of Patriarch of The Chaldeans. Seeking to unify The Church once again, Shim'un bar Mama engineered the arrest and subsequent execution of his rival, Sulaqa, in 1555 A.D. The dissident faction, however, elected 'Abdishu' Marun as Yukhannan Sulaqa's successor. Shim'un bar Mama died in 1558 A.D. His successor, Iliya Shim'un Dinkha, started the tradition of giving each Patriarch the same name. The rival Catholicos-Patriarch, 'Abdishu' Marun, died in 1567 A.D. (or 1571 A.D.), and was succeeded after some delay by Yabhalaha IV (also called Yabhalaha Shim'un). A large faction of The Church headed by Iliya Shim'un Dinkha, led by The Metropolitan of Gelu (who was also called Dinkha Shim'un), rejected the authority of the bar Mama family, and submitted to Yabhalaha Shim'un, the rival Catholicos-Patriarch. On the latter's death in 1580 A.D., The Metropolitan of Gelu was rewarded by being elected his successor, the first Patriarch of the Shim'un family. Thus was established the second hereditary line of Patriarchs within The Church of the East.
Through political pressure the rival Shim'uns were forced to move their See to the mountains of Kurdistan. Throughout the next three hundred years The Catholicos of the Shim'un family and their Church remained isolated from outside contact, even losing contact with Rome. The last hereditary Catholicos, Ishai Shim'un XXIII, succeeded in 1920 A.D. at the age of twelve. In 1933 A.D., after his return to Iraq from his English school, he attempted to restore the old civil authority of the patriarchate. His supporters took up arms and, in an unfortunate series of events, were massacred by government soldiers. Shim'un spent the rest of his life in exile, much of it in San Francisco, California, USA. He resigned his office in 1973 A.D., without any obvious successor. The Church was thrown into turmoil. Church leaders from Iraq pleaded with The Patriarch to renounce his resignation--at least until some provisions for the succession could be made. Shim'un agreed to return for a six-month period, at which point a Synod of three bishops was appointed to govern The Church during the interregnum. When Shim'un was murdered two years later (November of 1975 A.D.), the Bishops agreed to restore the ancient electoral process. A new Patriarch, Mar Dinkha IV, was chosen in October of 1976 A.D. at a special meeting of Church leaders in London, England. The official language of The Church is Syriac.
The first freely-elected Patriarch in centuries, whose official title is Catholicos-Patriarch of the Church of the East, resided in Chicago, Illinois. In 1586 A.D., in contrast to the isolation of the Shim'uns, the bar Mama family began exchanging letters with The Patriarch of Rome. They formally submitted to papal authority in 1616 A.D. at Dyarbekir. This submission came to end by 1669 A.D.. The Metropolitan of Dyarbekir, Yusip, subsequently withdrew his allegiance from both factions of The Church (in 1672 A.D.) and fled to Rome in 1675 A.D. There he was granted the title of Patriarch by Pope Innocent XI in 1681 A.D. There were now three Assyrian Patriarchs. Yusip's successor, Yusip II (or III) was given the title Patriarch of Babylon in 1701 A.D. On the death of Yusip IV in 1779 A.D., the Patriarch's nephew was able to succeed his uncle as Metropolitan of Dyarbekir but not as Patriarch (only as Apostolic Administrator). Rome never granted him official recognition as Patriarch. Iliya XIII bar Mama died in 1804 A.D. No successor was elected; a Roman Catholic cousin of the last Patriarch, Yukhannan Khurmiz, tried to claim the patriarchate and even sought official recognition from The Pope. With two Papal claimants to two different patriarchal thrones, The Roman Church declined to recognize either until the death of Yusip (V) in 1828 A.D. Khurmiz was thereupon acknowledged as Patriarch of Babylon of The Chaldeans in 1830 A.D. To forestall the possibility of the re-establishment of an hereditary patriarchate, a co-adjutor Patriarch with the right of succession was appointed in 1838 A.D. This Uniate Chaldean Church nearly broke with Rome again in 1869 A.D. over the imposition by The Pope of the Bull Reversurus, which deprived The Patriarch of his prerogative to select and consecrate Chaldean bishops. Patriarch Yusip VI was threatened with excommunication in 1876 A.D., but managed to smooth over his difficulties with Rome before his death two years later. The official language of The Church is Syriac. The Patriarch resides at Baghdad, Iraq. The Church of the East recognizes only the Öcumenical Councils of Nicaea (325 A.D.) and Constantinople (381 A.D.), although they do teach that from the moment of His conception Our Lord was both perfect man and perfect God. The Church rejects the title Mother of God for The Blessed Virgin Mary and insists upon Mother of Christ instead. The doctrine of Apostolic Succession is rigorously adhered to;
She teaches that apart from the apostolic succession "there are no sacraments, no Church, and no operation of The Holy Spirit" (Mar O'dishoo). Holy Baptism is administered by triple immersion, usually forty days after birth, and immediately followed by Chrismation and First Holy Communion. In the Mystery of Holy Communion, The Church teaches that the leavened bread and the fermented wine are changed into The Body and Blood of Christ our God. The sacrifice of The Mass is identical with that of The Cross of Calvary, and not a repetition of it. Communicants both fast before participating in Holy Communion as well as drink The Precious Blood directly from The Chalice. A strong tradition with The Church of the East is that St. Addai and St. Mari brought with them a portion of the original Bread consecrated by Jesus in the Upper Room at The Last Supper. The bread made for use in the Sacrament of Holy Communion is leavened with a part of the loaf consecrated at a previous celebration; thus each celebration of The Holy Eucharist in The Church of the East today is seen as a continuous material succession with the first Eucharist celebrated by Jesus in Jerusalem. The Eucharistic Liturgy is the fourth-century Rite named after two of the traditional founders of The Church, St. Addai and St. Mari, and attributed to St. James of Jerusalem, the brother of The Lord.
Apostolic Succession from The Church of The East through The Patriarchate of Selucia-Ctesiphen & All The East Tooma Shlikha (St. Thomas) who after establishing Church in Mesopotamia, Persia and their environment, went to India (AD 3-7 and then consecrated
Bar Tulmay A.D. 33 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Addai (or Taddai) Shlikha 33-45 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Agai, disciple of Addai (of the Seventy) 45-81 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Mari, disciple of Addai (of the Seventy) 48-81 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Abris, relative of the Virgin Mary 90-107 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Oraham I, of Kashkar 130-152 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yacob 1, relative of Yosip the Carpenter 172-190 Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Ebid M’shikha Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Akhu d’Awu Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shakhlupa of Kashkar Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Papa Bar Gaggai Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shimun Bar Sabbai Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shahdost Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Bar Bashmin Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Tumarsa Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Qaiyuma Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eskhaq Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Akhkhi Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yoalaha I Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Maana Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Qarabukht Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dadishu Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Bawai or Babu Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Aqaq Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Bawai Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Sheela Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Narsai Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elisha (dual Patriarchate) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Polos Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yosip Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Khazqiyil Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow I, Arzunaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Sorishu I Garmaqaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Greghor, Partaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow II (Gdalaya or Arab) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Mar Immeh Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow III, Kdayawaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Gewargis I Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan I, Bar Marta Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Khnaishu I Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan II, Garba Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Sliwazkha Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Pethyon Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Awa Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Surin Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yacob II Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Khnanishu Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Timotheus I Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshu-barnon Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Gewargis II Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Soreshu II Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Oraham II, Margaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Teadasis (or Theodoros) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Sargis, Suwaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Annush d’beth Garmay Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan III, Bar Narsay Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan IV, (nephew of Theodoros) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan V, Bar Ogare Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Oraham III, Abraza Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Ammanoel I Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Esrail Karkhaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Odishu Garmaqaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Mari Aturaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan VI (Yoannis) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan VII (Bar Nazuk) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow IV Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elia I (Terhan) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yokhannan VIII (Bar Tragala) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Soreshu III (Bar Zanbur) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Odishu II (Bar Ars) Aturaya Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Makkikha I (Bar Shlemon) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elia II (Bar Maqli) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Bar Soma (Of Suwa) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Bar Gabbara Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Odishu III (Nephew of Elia II) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow V (from Beth Zodai, Baladaya) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elia III (Abukhalim) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yoalaha II (Bar Qaiyuma) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Sorishu IV Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Sorishu V (from Baghdad) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Makkikha II Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dinkha I (Arbilaya, i.e., from Arbil) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yoalaha III (Bar Turkaye -Turkish by race) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Timotheus II (Arbilaya, I. e. from Arbil) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dinkha II Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dinkha III Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shimun II Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shimun III Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elia III Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shimun IV Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shimun V Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elia V Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shimun VI Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow Shimun VII Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dinkha Shimun VIII (Bar Mama) Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yoalaha Shimun Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dinkha Shimun IX Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Elia Shimun X Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Eshuyow Shimun XI Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yoalaha Shimun XII Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Dinkha Shimun XIII Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Shlemon (Sulaiman) Shimun XIV Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Mikhail (Mukhattis) Shimun XV Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Yonan (Yuna) Shimun XVII Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Oraharn Shimun XIX Who then consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate
Maran Mar Rubil Shimun XVIII, Catholicos-Patriarch of Selucia-Ctesphen & All The East, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Antonius Abd-Ishu (Anthony Thondatta) as Metropolitan of India, Ceylon, Milapur, Socotra and Messina in The Holy Church of Mar Saba in Upper Tiari, on 17 December 1862 A.D. Mar Abd-Ishu, assisted by Mar Augustine (Michael Augustine) of The Syro-Chaldean Church, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Basilius (Luis Mariano Soares) as Bishop of Trichur on 24 July 1899 A.D. and head of a small body of Indian Christians known as Mellusians; he succeeded to the Metropolitanate upon Mar Abd-Ishu's death in 1900 A.D. Mar Basilius consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Jacobus (Ulric Vernon Herford) as Bishop for the United Kingdom and with the Title of Mar Jacobus, Bishop of Mercia & Meddelesex (including the county of London) at Palithamm, near Kaliarkoli, Madura District, South India, on 30 November 1902 A.D. Upon his return to England, Mar Jacobus founded The Evangelical Catholic Communion with the hope of uniting East and West. Mar Jacobus consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Paulus (William Stanley McBean Knight) as Bishop of Kent on 28 February 1925 A.D. Mar Paulus consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Hedley (Hedley Coward Bartlett) as Bishop of Siluria on 18 October 1931 A.D. Mar Hedley consecrated sub conditioned to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Georgius (Hugh George de Willmott-Newman) as Metropolitan of Glastonbury on 20 May 1945 A.D., assisted by Bishop John Syer (Bishop of Llanthony), Mar Francis (Francis Ernest Langhelt, Bishop of Minster) and Bishop George Henry Brook (Order of Rievaulx). Mar Georgius consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Benignus (Richard Kenneth Hurgon) as Titular Bishop of Mere (Somerset) on 22 April 1946 A.D., assisted by Mar Leofric (Charles Leslie Saul, Archbishop-Exarch of The Catholicate of the West), Mar David (Francis David Bacon, Bishop of The Catholicate of the West), and Mar Johannus (William John Eaton Jeffrey, General Moderator of The Evangelical Catholic Communion and Bishop of The Catholicate of the West). Mar Benignus consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Alexander (Nils Bertil Alexander Persson) on 7 December 1985 A.D., assisted by Bishop Ian KirkStewart (Reformed Catholic Church). Mar Alexander consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl (Karl Julius Barwin) as Primate of The Evangelical Catholic Church on 5 August 1989 A.D., assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodrigues y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America) and Archbishop Howard D. van Orden (Order of St. Jude), each assisting, cooperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands and uttering all the words of consecration. Assisting in this consecration as Co-Consecrators were Archbishop Paul Christian Gerald W. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles and Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), Bishop Petros (Eric Tan Ong Veloso, Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers (Suffragan Bishop of Los Angeles, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Bishop Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church). Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when he stepped down to focus on parish growth at
Santo Nino Catholic Church until his full retirement in 2023. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California
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Apostolic Succession from The Church of The East through The Patriarchate of Babylonia of The Chaldeans SUCCESSION II
Maran Man Yusip 'Ummanu'il II Thoma (Yosif Khayatt), Catholicos-Patriarch of Babylonia of The Chaldeans, who was consecrated 24 July 1892 A.D. by Maran Mar Petros Elias XIV Abu-Al-Yunan (Patriarch 1878-1894 A.D.), assisted by the Bishop of Salmas & Patriarchal Vicar Pierre Aziz, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Antoine (Antoine Lefberne/Lefebvre) on 27 May 1917 A.D. as Patriarchal Exarch of Western Europe and Delegate & Special Commissary in the U.S.A. Mar Antoine was a member of the Ordo Antonianus S. Hormisdae Chaldaeorum. Mar Antoine consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar John Emmanuel (Arthur Wolfort Brooks) on 4 May 1925 A.D. in The Chapel of The Redeemer in New York City, assisted by Mar James (Fernand Portal) and Mar Evodius (Edward Robert Smith), Bishops of The Chaldean Catholic Church. On 19 November 1930 A.D., Mar John Emmanuel became Presiding Bishop of The Apostolic Episcopal Church, which had been accepted in 1929 A.D. by The Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem, Elisha I (Eghishe I Tourian). Mar John Emmanuel consecrated sub conditione to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar David I (Wallace de Ortega Maxey) on 13 July 1946 A.D. at St. Michael Hellenic Orthodox Church "Taxiarchai" of The Holy Land as Archbishop of The Province of The West of The Apostolic Episcopal Church, assisted by Rev'd David Leondarides and Rev'd Stanatios Jongsoudis of The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Mar David became Archbishop-Primate of The Apostolic Episcopal Church in 1948. Mar David I consecrated sub conditione to the Sacred Episcopate:
Mar Alexander (Nils Bertil Alexander Persson) and enthroned him as the Third Archbishop-Primate of The Apostolic Episcopal Church on 7 November 1986 A.D., assisted by Archbishop-Primate Juergen Bless (The German Old Catholic Church in America), Archbishop-Primate Emile Rodriguez y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Archbishop-Primate Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America), Bishop Daniel N. McCarty (The Apostolic Catholic Church of the Americas), Archbishop-Primate Robert Ronald Ramm (The Ancient Christian Fellowship) and Archbishop Paul G. W. Schultz (Iglesia Ortodoxa Apostolica Mexicana and Apostolic Administrator of The Province of The West of The Apostolic Episcopal Church). Mar Alexander consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl (Karl Julius Barwin) as Primate of The Evangelical Catholic Church on 5 August 1989 A.D., assisted by Archbishop Emile Federico Rodrigues y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica Mexicana), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Archbishop Arthur J. Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America) and Archbishop Howard D. van Orden (Order of St. Jude), each assisting, coöperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands and uttering all the words of consecration. Assisting as Co-Consecrators were Archbishop Paul Christian GeraldW. Schultz (Archbishop of Los Angeles and Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), Bishop Petros (Eric Tan Ong Veloso, Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop Christopher J. Rogers (Suffragan Bishop of Los Angeles, The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Bishop Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church). Bishop Karl J. Barwin consecrated
Thomas E. Abel on May 25, 2003 as Auxiliary Bishop
of the Old Roman Catholic Church, English Rite. Bishop Abel came under his own
Jurisdiction on August 8, 2004. Bishop Abel headed the Catholic Church of
America, originally called Old Roman Catholic Church, Diocese of San Diego. In
January of 2006 the Catholic Church of America came together with the Diocese
of California, American Catholic Church. Bishop Abel was elected Presiding Bishop of the Church, a position
he held until July of 2012 when the dual ministries secerated again. Bishop
Abel again assummed the Presiding Bishop position of the Catholic Church of
America. He
consecrated,
MARK RANDALL EARL, on January 23, 2016, as Coadjutor Bishop to assist Bishop Abel for the Catholic Church of America. Bishop Earl became the second Presiding Bishop on September 11, 2016 upon Bishop Abel’s retirement. Bishop Earl is the Pastor of Sacred Heart Community, Catholic Church of America in San Diego, California
.
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